Orthodontics in the Vertical Dimension: A Case-Based Review 1st Edition
This case-based clinical text is an exhaustive review of orthodontic problems in the vertical dimension and evidence-based guidelines for successful diagnosis and treatment. A total of 21 cases address dental deep bites, skeletal deep bites, dental open bites, skeletal open bites, and posterior open bites.
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Each case includes pre-treatment, interim, and post-treatment orthodontic records, as well as references to provide a solid evidence base for decision making. Written with a clinical focus, Orthodontics in the Vertical Dimension is ideal for the practicing orthodontist and makes an excellent resource for residents in pursuit of board certification.
Key Features
Detailed case–based scenarios for treatment of the spectrum of open bites and deep bites
Cases presented in question and answer format to encourage thought
2500 clinical photographs and illustrations.
This is a great textbook, and I will use it in my classes. Highly organized and elaborately illustrated, the authors work is inspired by problem–based learning and stimulates cognitive processes by encouraging critical thinking. Their text deserves a must read category for orthodontic professionals of all ages.
Dr. Jeryl D. English DDS, MS, Chairman and Graduate Program Director, Department of Orthodontics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
A terrific book for students of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics, covering the vertical dimension and much more. A wide range of cases are presented, treatment plans are realistic, and the authors openly discuss complications encountered during treatment.
Dr. Greg J. Huang, DMD, MSD, MPH Professor and Chair Department of Orthodontics, The University of Washington School of Dentistry
Orthodontics in the Vertical Dimension: A Case-Based Review 1st Edition
by ISBN-13: 978-1118870211
ISBN-10: 1118870212
Orthodontics in the Vertical Dimension: A Case-Based Review 1st Edition – Content
Preface, vi
1 Foundations, 1
The Spectrum of Vertical, 1
Growth Foundations, 24
Diagnosis and Treatment Planning Principles, 31
2 Dental Deep Bites, 66
Introduction, 66
Case Andrew: Class II division 2, adolescent, 91
Case Emma: Class II division 2, impacted canines, missing premolar, adolescent, 125
3 Skeletal Deep Bites, 143
Introduction, 143
Case Adam: Class II division 1, adolescent, 169
Case Valerie: Class II division 1, dental asymmetry, adolescent, 182
Case Shawn: Class III, nearly complete lingual cross bite, late adolescent, 202
Case Megan: Class II division 2, left posterior cross bite, maxillary / mandibular cants, adult, 217
Case Connie: Class II division 2, severe anterior attrition, adult, 240
4 Dental Anterior Open Bites, 263
Introduction, 263
Case Sasha: Class II division 1 subdivision right, ADD with reduction and crepitus, small maxillary
lateral incisors, adult, 276
Case Derrick: Class III, anterior and posterior cross bite, adolescent, 283
Case Steven: Class II division 1, minimal posterior overjet, adolescent, 297
5 Skeletal Anterior Open Bites, 309
Introduction, 309
Case Emma: Class II division 1, anterior cross bite, moderate to severe anterior crowding, child, 336
Case Rachael: Class II division 1, enlarged adenoids, child, 354
Case Kaylee: Class III, left posterior cross bite, late adolescent, 371
Case Greg: Class II division 1, bilateral posterior cross bite, multiple missing teeth, adult, 385
Case Ashley: Class II division 1 subdivision left, anterior cross bite, adult, 409
Case Alyson: Class II division 1, right posterior cross bite, mild adenoidal hypertrophy, adult, 429
6 Posterior Open Bites, 457
Introduction, 457
Case Mark: Class I, child, 472
Case George: Class II division 2 subdivision right, sleep apnea, adult, 484
Case Kreslyn: Class III right Class II left, bilateral posterior cross bite, adult, 495
Appendix, 512
Cephalometrics Primer, 512
Iowa AP Classification Primer, 522
Tables for Reference, 526
Abbreviations, 527
Appendix References, 528
Index, 529
The goal of this book is to teach—to provide students with a solid foundation in diagnosis, treatment planning, and “in‐treatment” decision‐making when managing malocclusions—with special emphasis on the vertical dimension. Problems in the vertical dimension can be especially challenging to manage, and a clinician must achieve a high level of proficiency in addressing these challenges. Careful study of our book will provide the foundation for achieving this proficiency.
The practice of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics is a cognitive discipline. Over 90% of what an orthodontist does is observe, reason, and make decisions. Treatment planning and treatment delivery for each patient essentially consist of your ability to correctly answer a seemingly infinite series of questions related to that patient’s care.
During orthodontic residency, when you examine a patient, the attending faculty asks what problems you observe, and you answer. The attending faculty asks how you would treat these problems, you answer, and the faculty provides you with positive and constructive feedback. Whether in the classroom or clinic, we have found orthodontic residents mature fastest and best
using this method of question–answer teaching.
The format of our book is similarly based on this question– answer style of teaching, as we view our book as an orthodontic miniresidency. We use the question–answer format in order to keep
you intellectually involved, to encourage critical thinking, to offer you the opportunity to reflect on our questions and your answers, and to gauge the progress of your understanding. Using this format, we will coach you to address a very broad range of challenging clinical problems and to formulate appropriate decisions.
To grasp the principles upon which we focus, we recommend that you study each case from beginning to end at one sitting. Carefully think through answers to the questions we present (ideally, by writing down your answers), and make the best decisions you can.
You should do this before you refer to the answers we have provided. Answer each question as thoughtfully as you would if the patient was sitting in front of you, and you had to make the right decision to care for him or her. Your orthodontic diagnostic, treatment planning, and in‐treatment decision abilities will strengthen in direct proportion to your efforts to work through each problem
presented—before making your decision and reading our answers.
You will find certain principles are emphasized and applied repeatedly throughout this text. This is our objective—to instill patterns of analysis and habits of rational decision making by repetition and by presenting many different patients with a multitude of problems. Problems in the vertical dimension are inextricably related to problems in the anteroposterior and transverse dimensions. The principles and cases presented comprehensively illustrate these interrelationships and will strengthen your ability to treat patients in all three dimensions.
Also, as occurs with every patient you will treat in your practice, each patient presented in this text has diverse problems apart from the primary problems in the vertical, anteroposterior, and transverse dimensions. Many of the problems that you will likely encounter in private practice will be examined and addressed in this text.
The answers we provide for the cases presented are based on our many years of teaching, literature review, and clinical experience at the University of Iowa and in private practice. It does not mean,
however, that our answers are necessarily “correct.” Everything taught in our specialty must be challenged and questioned. If our ideas cannot withstand the rigor of scrutiny and the test of time,
then we must modify our position. If you disagree with concepts in this text, please discuss them with your colleagues, attending faculty, or us. Constructive dialogue makes us better orthodontists,
results in better care for our patients, and strengthens our specialty.
Our book contains important references for many clinical and scientific concepts, but was not written as a systematic review reference source. The treatment principles contained in this text will be valid for your lifetime of clinical practice, but the specific scientific and clinical study references may change over the years.
The spectrum of vertical problems encompasses deep bites and open bites of both skeletal and dental origin, and our book is organized accordingly into the following chapters: Foundations, Dental Deep Bites, Skeletal Deep Bites, Dental Anterior Open Bites, Skeletal Anterior Open Bites, Posterior Open Bites, and Appendix.
In Chapter 1, we provide an overview of the spectrum of vertical dimension problems, important craniofacial growth concepts, and fundamental principles of diagnosis and treatment planning. These principles are applied repeatedly with every case throughout the text. In Chapter 2, an introduction provides overall concepts of dental deep bite diagnosis and treatment.
The cases that follow encompass comprehensive dental deep bite cases, which you will
work through from initial patient presentation to debond/deband and retention. The same chapter organization is repeated for subsequent chapters. The Appendix presents a cephalometric analysis primer, the Iowa AP Classification Primer, useful tables, and abbreviations.
We wish to note that every case we present in the book was painstakingly chosen from a cumulative clinical practice of over one‐half century, with the intent of providing a broad range of problems. Our ultimate goal is your goal: to help you become a superb orthodontist. As teachers, Steve, Laura, and I will always strive to help you become a better orthodontist than we are. We experience no greater professional joy than when our students rise above us. If you learn from this book, then our years of teaching will have been worthwhile.
You will find no mention of specific orthodontic bracket types or specific orthodontic bracket manufacturers in this text. Why? Excellent orthodontic care depends on the orthodontist’s intelligence, education, experience, skill, and desire. The specific appliance used by each doctor is a matter of personal preference. When you first enter practice, you will be exposed to new brackets, wires, appliances, and biomechanics that are purported to be “the answer” to orthodontic treatment.
Be skeptical. When someone announces they have the answer, or a panacea for treatment, demand that they provide you with evidence (independently confirmed from different university studies in high impact, peer‐reviewed journals), that clearly documents the efficacy of their claims of treatment superiority. We wish to acknowledge the diagnostic skill, treatment outcomes, and patient care provided by Dr. Karin A.
Southard who kindly allowed us to include many of her cases in this book. Karin is a clinician’s clinician and an educator’s educator. We thank her for her teaching and her many contributions to excellent patient care. We also wish to thank Dr. Michael L. Swartz for his permission to use orthodontic clipart in developing many of the illustrations in this text, and Drs. Nathan E. Holton, Veerasathpurush Allareddy, and Ms. Chris White for their thorough review and many insightful
suggestions. Finally, we wish to thank Dr. James Vaden for providing us with material from the Charles H. Tweed International Foundation for Orthodontic Research and Education.
This book is dedicated to every man or woman who strives daily to become proficient in the art and science of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics, and who endeavors, uncompromisingly,
to provide outstanding care to his or her patients. Doctor, we salute you………….